Wednesday, 25 December 2013

Mary Christmas? You have to be kidding

I was going to have this written and posted last night, but baking gingerbread TARDIS and Daleks got in the way (the best laid plans of mice and Megans...)

I don't think it turned out too badly. Photo c Megan Hitchens 2013
There has been a lot on the web about Christmas posts, most about reminiscences of Christmas pasts. You know, what you did as a child, favourite traditions, that sort of thing. Thomas MacEntee has been running a good one, and encouraging people to put their posts on Pintrest. But most of my childhood Christmases were crap, so it has been difficult to want to take part, let alone managing it (sorry, Thomas).

So instead of writing about a family Christmas I have decided to write a little post about the Christmas family.

One of my third great grandmothers was Sarah Christmas from Bassingborne in Cambridgeshire in 1823. Sarah arrived in Australia 26 March 1849 aboard the Steadfast, along with her husband William Green and children William, Susan and Rebecca. The family settled in Grafton in the Northern Rivers area of New South Wales.

I always wondered where my father's side of the family got their love of bad puns and groan-inducing jokes. And then I started looking back through Sarah's family in Cambridgeshire.

If you had the surname Christmas, there would be some names you might want to NOT name your children – Holly, Ivy, Rosemary and Wenceslas spring to mind, but surely, SURELY, the one name you would want to avoid would be Mary. But no, not the Christmases of Cambridgeshire. I have found records going back to the late 1600s (christening records for the parishes of Landbeach, Oakington, Histon, Steeple Morden, Litlington, Guilden Morden and Abington Piggots) and in every generation there is at least one poor girl named Mary Christmas. It seems to have begun back in the early 1700s when two Christmas brothers thought it was a sterling idea. Robert and Susanna (ni Kidman) named their first born Mary in 1731, while brother Thomas and wife Anne had already named their first daughter Mary in 1716.

There were Marys who married into the family, and I hope they thought long and hard before making the leap, but at least their parents could say, “it wasn't my fault”.

Telling my father and his brother about the Christmases has resulted in roars of laughter. They love it, it's a great joke. I just hope Robert and Thomas, and everyone else who took that path, didn't think when they named their daughters. But I have this deep suspicion that they were laughing too.

HAPPY Christmas to everyone.

St Peter and St Paul Christmas Tree Festival 2013, Steeple Morden. From Steeple Morden Village Website

Tuesday, 17 December 2013

A “Balmain Well-Known” – Archer O'Toole, part one

Archer is an interesting name, isn't it? I really feel it will prove an important key in cracking my O'Toole brick wall (ie working out exactly who was his great grandfather). The difficulty with this post will be in not writing an epic. Archer's name is sufficiently unusual that it has been very easy to work out what he was up to, and he did a lot in his life. Sometimes his name appears in newspapers as “Archibald” - someone has seen “Arch. O'Toole” and erroneously expanded it to Archibald. But his name was definitely Archer.


Archer was born to Laurence and Ann on 15 November 1862 in a house off 7 Kent Street. It was stone with an iron roof and consisted of two rooms. It was owned by William Andrews and was part of what was known as the Curintons Buildings1. The large warehouse structure that now occupies the site was built later. The Lord Nelson Hotel2 (marked as 9 on the map below) was always on the corner and is still there, beautifully renovated. The Hotel was owned by William Wells, who owned part of the Curintons Buildings. In the rates returns for the City of Sydney three residences were listed as “off 7 Kent Street”, each owned by a different landlord, while 3, 5, 7 and 9 Kent Street were all owned by William Wells. Behind 7 Kent Street was a large yard in which a number of houses were built, a common practice in the area. These houses were “off 7 Kent Street”. The City Details Sheet of Sydney 1855 on the City of Sydney Map Collection clearly shows the layout of the area. These sheets were colour-coded to show building type, such as blue for stone, brown for wood.

Section of Detail Sheet 27 of Sydney 1855, from City of Sydney Map Collection. I have darkened the lines and strengthened the colours. Go and look at this site yourself. It is well worth it and has so much more on the site. The house marked with the X? is the one I think might be Laurence and Anne's house as the rate book describes it as next to vacant land.
At about the age of fourteen, Archer was a bell ringer at St Phillips, now known as York Street Anglican, in Sydney.
St Phillips, York Street, Sydney, from Wikipedia
Sometime between then and 1882 the family switched from the Anglican church to the Christadelphian Church. In The Christadelphian of 1882 on page 94 appeared the following:



SYDNEY.-Brother Hawkins reports the obedience of ARCHER O'TOOLE (18) and LAURENCE O'TOOLE (20), sons of Brother and Sister O'Toole”3.



Although no date is given in Stephen Genusa's document, this must have been prior to 27 September, 1882, as the indication is that Archer's father was still alive at this point. Laurence and Archer's ages are both incorrect (Archer would have been 19 and Laurence 21).



Archer was working as a cadet journalist on the Sydney Morning Herald at the time, and journalism stayed in his blood for the rest of his life. He also took a keen interest in politics and the plight of the working man. His name frequently appeared in the papers, attached to open letters to politicians, requesting relief for striking workers, both in Australia and in England4, or when organising fund-raising concerts for strikers. Archer also spoke at public meetings in support of community initiatives, such as the agitation for a tram to Balmain5. During the Queensland floods of 1893, Archer organised a “Grand Classical Concert” to raise money for the relief fund6. Music was a big part of life the O'Toole family and here Archer used it to help others.



By 1884 Archer had left the Herald and set up his own printing business, in partnership with F. Mumby, in Darling Street, Balmain. I am fairly certain that Archer's brother, Laurence, was employed in the business. O'Toole and Mumby had an interesting little sideline, selling medicines and cure-alls, such as the one advertised in the Evening News in 1884. They remained in Darling Street until 1888, when the operation moved to 52 Beattie Street. In this same year they started the Balmain Leader, a “penny weekly newspaper for all classes”7. The first edition appeared on 12 March, 1888. Brothers John (definitely) and Laurence (probably) worked on the Leader.


1888 was a big year for Archer in another way. He married Gertrude Margaret Robinson, daughter of John Robinson and Ann Perkins. John was from London and Ann from Forres in Scotland. They had met and married in Sydney, but later moved to Queensland, where they remained until their deaths in 19138 and 19269 respectively.



Gertrude and Archer had four children together, all born in Balmain: Stanley Archer (1889 to 1916)10, Clarice Gertrude (1891-1902), Hermoine Anne (1895-?) and Keith John (1898-1974).



Under Archer the Leader was a friendly little paper. Lots of advertising (had to pay its way), but the front page featured community announcements and the service times for all the churches in the area, regardless of the denomination. There were general interest pieces, the usual notices such as who was entering or leaving the area and why, police arrests, council notices, etc. There were pieces to make people laugh and pieces to make people think. What there wasn't was gossip.



The history of the Leader has taken a bit of work to unravel, and I am still not sure I have it all correct, but bear with me and I will do my best with what I have so far (this has been pieced together from newspaper reports and the Sands Directory).



12 March 1888 The Leader starts production

October 1889 William Kellaway, former editor of the Northern Star in Lismore, purchases a half share of the paper for about £1150. He pays a deposit, promises to pay the balance owed on a printing machine and gives promissory notes for the remainder. Archer continues to work on the paper11.

October 1890 The Provincial Press Association is formed with Kellaway on the committee12

15 November 1890 Kellaway, “embarrassed”, sells his interest in the Leader to Frank James Smith, MLA. Smith is to pay £750 to each of Kellaway and Archer. Kellaway is to remain on the paper as managing editor.13 Smith says he wants to float the paper as a company and therefore needs the deed before the money is fully paid. He is given until April the following year to achieve the float.

Some time between October 1890 and April 1891 William Kellaway became ill and was hospitalised. When he came back he found himself locked out of the Leader offices. Also during this time, Frank Smith didn't pay Archer or Kellaway any of the money he owed on the paper.

April 1891 Smith sacks Kellaway. Kellaway serves writ on Smith14

June 1891 During the election campaign Smith is heckled, the main theme of the heckling being his treatment of Kellaway15. Smith loses his seat.

August 1891 Kellaway files for bankruptcy, giving as his main reason Smith's failure to pay for the Leader. Archer testifies on Kellaway's behalf. Smith claims he owes Kellaway nothing and that he never said he would float the paper as a company16.



It took a while for me to find the next piece of the puzzle. The Sands Directory listed the proprietors of the Balmain Leader as Kellaway in 1891 (remember the Directory can be a year behind in facts because of the print cycle), Smith in 1892 and then O'Toole & Co. in 1893. Finding out why Archer was back in possession required searching on Mr Smith, and some of this may well have a familiar ring.
from the Evening News, 15 February 1895 page 5, Trove
As well as being proprietor of the Leader, Smith was a member of the Legislative Assembly (lower house in NSW) in the government of Henry Parkes. He was also a director of the Australian Mutual Loan and Guarantee Company. During the 1880s there was a real estate boom and a mining boom. Both areas were over-invested as the booms were treated as though they would never end (where have we heard that before?). AML&G and other financial institutions were over extended. And then the awful truths began to leak out.



AML&G had been getting valuations on land out near Camden, altering the figures and then buying the land at much less than the real value. It had also been reporting modest profits (a total of about £18,000 from 1890 to 1892) while in reality suffering huge losses (about £102,000 in the same period)17. There was a run on the company and other financial institutions began to be more closely scrutinised, leading to a general financial crisis18. This crisis spread to Queensland, also suffering from over-investment in property and mining, and also with a corruption problem19.



In 1892 Smith and six others were charged with fraud. Two members of the board fled to Peru and never returned, the remainder faced court. There were also questions raised about Frank Smith and a coal company he was involved with and whether or not he had received bribes to ensure a favourable report for the mine. He was twice called in to see Parkes to explain himself.



The trial went on for some time and in 1894 Smith and his four companions were found guilty and sentenced to seven years' jail. He served three, later becoming an advocate for prison reform.

Which all explains why Archer had the Leader back in 1893. Smith was in prison while he was on trial, and Kellaway was a bankrupt, so the paper reverted to its original owner. Under Smith the paper had dropped the church times and begun to peddle local gossip, one assumes as an attempt to boost circulation. It had also changed side in the Protection/Free Trade debate. Archer was a staunch supporter of unions and workers' rights and included in that the desire to protect Australian jobs by protecting Australian industry. The Leader had reflected that stance. Frank Smith was a supporter of free trade and an end to protection. Under his ownership the Leader espoused his views.



Under O'Toole & Co., the Leader went back to its roots.



All the hoo-ha over the Leader was not the last time Archer would see the inside of a court room. In 1895 he was called as a witness in Rea vs. the Balmain New Ferry Company Limited20. Miss Ada Rea boarded a ferry after the ropes were loosed but just as the plank was being pulled up. She was followed by a Mr William Thompson. Miss Rea later tried to sue the Company for negligence and sought £500 for injury and distress. Archer was on the ferry and saw Miss Rea board. Both he and Mr Thompson said that she boarded safely. Archer said the deck hand told her to “get off the plank”, which she didn't do. Miss Rea said she had been very shaken by the accident and was obliged to be off work one to two days a week for a while but was then forced to stay home because of a weakness resulting from the incident. The jury found the company was negligent as the ropes were loosed before the plank was pulled up (next time you are on a ferry watch what is done - the plank is pulled, the gate closed and THEN the ropes are loosed). The judge awarded £5 in damages.



Archer and his family lived at 11 Hyam Street, Balmain at the time while O'Toole and Co. continued to operate out of 52 Beattie Street. Gertrude's parents had already moved to Queensland and in 1899 she, Archer and the children followed them north.



To be continued...

1 City of Sydney, "City Assessment Books 1845-1948," database, City of Sydney Archives (http://www3.photosau.com/CosRates/scripts/home.asp : accessed 26 Feb 2013), entry for Laurence O'Toole Rates assessment 1861; Citing City of Sydney Assessment book CSA 027328.

2http://www.lordnelsonbrewery.com/ for a history of the Hotel

3“The Christadelphian Doctrine of Fellowship” Stephen Genusa, Spring 2009 (http://www.genusa.com: accessed 29 Oct 2011), citing The Christadelphian 1882

4For example “Requisition to E. H. Buchanan, Esq., Mayor of Balmain”, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 14 Sep 1889, p. 22, col. 2; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 27 Aug 2012)

5“Balmain Tramway”, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 4 Jul 1890, p. 3, col. 8; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 5 Nov 2012)

6“Amusements”, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 23 Feb 1893, p. 2, col. 1; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 5 Nov 2012)

7The Balmain Leader, State Reference Library, New South Wales

8 Department of Justice and Attorney-General, "Queensland Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages Index," database, BDM Queensland Index Search  (https://www.bdm.qld.gov.au/IndexSearch : accessed 26 Dec 2012), entry for death of John Robinson in 1913; Reg. no. 1913/C1904; John Robinson; father John; mother Ann

9 Department of Justice and Attorney-General, "Queensland Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages Index," database, BDM Queensland Index Search  (https://www.bdm.qld.gov.au/IndexSearch : accessed 26 Dec 2012), entry for death of Ann Robinson in 1926; Reg. no. 1926/C560; Ann Robinson; father [blank]; mother [blank]

10See my ANZAC post on Stanley

11“Law Report”, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 22 Sep 1891, p. 3, col. 6; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013)

12“Conference of Newspaper Proprietors”, The Goulburn Herald (New South Wales), 26 Aug 1890, p. 3, col. 1; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 14 Dec 2013)

13“To Contributors”, The Northern Star (New South Wales), 15 Nov 1890, p. 2, col. 2; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013)

14“Cablegrams”, Clarence and Richmond Examiner (New South Wales), 18 Apr 1891, p. 5, col. 2; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013); “Yesterday's Brevities”, The Evening News (New South Wales), 29 April 1891, p. 6, col. 1; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013)

15“Odds and Ends”, The Northern Star (New South Wales), 24 Jun 1891, p. 2, col. 4; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013)

16“A Bankrupt Journalist”, The Evening News (New South Wales), 11 Aug 1891, p. 6, col. 2; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 14 Dec 2013); “Law Report, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 22 Sep 1891, p. 3, col. 6; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Oct 2013)

17“Mercantile Loan and Guarantee Company”, The Aukland Star (New Zealand), 27 Jule 1892, p. 8; digital images, Papers Past (www.paperspast.natlib.govt.nz : accessed 14 Dec 2013) The New Zealand papers loved reporting on Australia's woes.

18For extensive reporting on the whole matter, search Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au), using “Australian Mutual Loan and Guarantee Company” and also “Frank Smith MLA”. If I put in all the references you'd be looking at about a foot of citations.

19“The 1893 Financial Crisis in the Colony of Queensland”, Dr. Jon D. Stanford, Chief Economist, FINH Pty Ltd, Brisbane Q, paper at the Workshop: Financial Crises and Workouts, Historical Perspectives, Centre for Economic History, September 2012, (http://www.visualartist.info/jonstanford/news: accessed 14 Dec 2013)


20“Law Report”, The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 21 Sep 1895, p. 7, col. 6; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 1 Sep 2012)

Thursday, 31 October 2013

"A Real Trick" – Larry O'Toole

I don't know much about Laurence and Anne's third child, Laurence, but I'll put down what I have. Apologies in advance for this being largely raw details.

Laurence was known to the family as Larry, and to save confusion with his father and grandfather I'll refer to him as this.

Larry was born on 29 June 1860 in Kent Street. The address is not given, so I don't know if he was born in 2 Kent Street or in the house off 7 Kent Street.

I don't find another reference to him until 1882, when his name appeared in The Christadelphian, along with his parents and younger brother, Archer1. Then, in 1883, his name appeared in the Sands Directory, living in Evans Street, Balmain, the home of his late father. No occupation was given. But the next year he had moved to Bartsup Terrace in Mansfield Street (which was then Balmain but is now Rozelle) and was working as a printer2. This was also the year, 1884, that his brother Archer started running his print works in Darling Street, Balmain. I have a strong suspicion that Larry was working for Archer as he doesn't appear in the Trades section of the Sands. He stayed at Bartsup Terrace (now 110 Mansfield Street) until 1889 when the Sands showed him now living at 26 Lawson Street, Balmain. Again he stayed put for a few years, before moving to Percival Street, Leichhardt3. Sands doesn't give a house number, but he was always on the east side between Piper and Brennan and the 7th house from the Brennan Street corner. That would make him around about 39 or 41 Percival Street (it is now in Lilyfield). And there he stayed for many years. His occupation is variously listed as a printer and as a compositor.

In 1882 Larry married Margaret Deuchars, daughter of James and Mary Deuchars of Balmain. She was the second of eleven children (three boys and eight girls) and was born in Glebe in 1861. her family moved to Balmain some time around 1870, when her brother Robert was born4. I should know more about Margaret's family, but at the moment I don't.

Larry and Margaret had five children:

Laurence (yes, another one) born and died in 1881
Archibald, born and died 1883
Walter Laurence, born 1885 and died in 1953 (married Alice Wellsted)
Ada Caroline, born 1892, died 1963 (married John Henry Chidgey)
Frederick Wallace, born 1898, died 1953 in Cairns (married Alma Marguerite Cleary)

From 1894 to 1901 Larry served as a councillor on Leichhardt Council. He was, according to the newspapers of the day, a very vocal councillor, often speaking strongly for or against a particular matter. Amongst other things, in 1901 he pushed for "Life Saving classes" in all the schools in Leichhardt, with a desire to see them in all schools in Sydney. These days our children have the opportunity to join Swimming Schemes in primary school. Was Larry the start of this movement? Put "Laurence O'Toole" into Trove, or the phrase “Leichhardt Council” and see what pops up. It makes for entertaining reading. He certainly worked for his constituents.

Leichhardt Town Hall. Image courtesy of Wikipedia Commons
After Archer left for Queensland (see his post when I get to it), there was still a printery running with the O'Toole name – O'Toole and Wise Federal Printing Works at 52 Beattie Street, Balmain. I assume Larry took over from Archer, as he continued to work as a printer and compositor and when he died, his home address was given as 52 Beattie Street. But I only found out this yesterday (good old Sands) so I have to look into it a bit more to confirm this.

Margaret died on 22 Feb 1935, at her daughter Ada's home in Kingston Street, Haberfield5. She was buried in Rookwood Necropolis on 23 February in the Anglican area, section 12, grave 14696. Larry followed her a little over two years later, on 9 April, 1937 and was buried in the same plot on 10 April, 19377.

I was lucky enough to meet and interview Robert O'Toole, grandson of Archer, at the beginning of this year. He remembered his father, Keith, talking about Uncle Larry:
He was a real trick, Dad used to say... he loved practical jokes and... Dad would sort of, well, not roll his eyes, but Dad would say, oh he was a real mischief sort. He'd get up to tricks and he loved playing practical jokes on people... people he knew, even. He wasn't backwards in playing a joke on them8
It is this type of information that really makes family history come alive for me – finding out what my ancestors and relations were actually like. I cannot express how grateful I am to Bob for this little nugget of genealogy gold.

From time to time pieces would turn up in the Balmain Leader that had a mischievous humour to them – the piece on William's trousers, the following about ice skating, and others. Now I wonder if Larry was behind them, having a laugh and relishing the faces of the readers.

"Skating" The Balmain Leader, reprinted in The Bowral Free Press, 26 June, 1889, page 4, column 6. From Trove (http://trove.nla.gov.au)
1(“The Christadelphian Doctrine of Fellowship” Stephen Genusa, Spring 2009 http://www.genusa.com: accessed 29 Oct 2011), citing The Christadelphian 1882
2 John Sands, The Sands Directory (Sydney, New South Wales: John Sands, 1859-1932), 1884: 690; microfiche.
3 John Sands, The Sands Directory (Sydney, New South Wales: John Sands, 1859-1932), 1893: 793; microfiche.
4 New South Wales Government, "BDM Index," database(http://www.bdm.nsw.gov.au : accessed 26 Oct 2012), entry for birth of Robert Deuchars in 1870.
5 "Deaths," The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 23 Feb 1935, p. 14, col. 2; digital images, Trove (www.trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 26 Oct 2012), Digitised newspapers and more.
6 Rookwood Cemetery - Anglican & General Cemetery Trusts, "Deceased Search," database, Rookwood Anglican & General Cemeteries (http://www.rookwoodcemetery.com.au/ : accessed 13 Nov 2012), database entry for Margaret O'Toole (1861-1935).
7 Rookwood Cemetery - Anglican & General Cemetery Trusts, "Deceased Search," database, Rookwood Anglican & General Cemeteries (http://www.rookwoodcemetery.com.au/ : accessed 13 Nov 2012), database entry for Laurence O'Toole (1860-1837)
8Interview with Robert O'Toole, 1 February, 2013

Sunday, 27 October 2013

Which O'Toole is Which? - Addendum

Yesterday my notice I had sent to RSVP in the Sydney Morning Herald was published (Thank you, Herald, an invaluable service).

Imagine my excitement when I received an email response yesterday afternoon! It turns out the respondent is from what I have dubbed the Pyrmont O'Tooles, but she has been very generous with her information and hopefully this will help unravel the two families.

One important thing I learnt from her this morning is that Tobias O'Toole was also from Wexford, not Wicklow as I had presumed. There goes one distinguishing feature, but every puzzle piece is necessary.

I love how the genealogy community is, generally, a sharing lot. We all know the frustration of wrong leads, brick walls, etc. Tobias' descendant and I are more distantly related than we both had hoped, but that hasn't stopped her, and it won't stop me.

Thursday, 24 October 2013

Tobacco and Madness - William O'Toole

The next few posts will be a bit sketchy. I apologise in advance. There are lots of documents I still need to get for the O'Toole family - Christmas and birthdays are my times for getting birth, death and marriage certificates, and I am researching more than just the O'Toole line so those are a bit sparse at the moment (Christmas will fix that) and I need to make time to go to State Records - made so much harder now that our incredibly short-sighted NSW Government has closed the Reading Room in The Rocks. Mind you, they don't value our future, so why do we expect them to value our past?

So what I have on the sons of Laurence and Ann will be what I have gleaned from family, newspapers and some research at Wyong Family History Group. But it will get the basic facts out and hopefully clear up some of the confusion between this family and the Tobias O'Toole family (they are the other O'Toole family in Sydney in the C19th - see Which O'Toole is Which).

I will deal with Matthew Joseph Anthony when I have done his half-brothers, simply because I have so very, very little on him. He seems to have led a quiet life. Isabella's short little life was dealt with in Vale Isabella O'Toole. I hope her two years were happy ones. Which brings us to the next child born to Laurence and Ann - William.

William was born in 1858 in 102 Kent Street, the house from which his sister ran and was crushed by the dray.

The family moved from The Rocks to Balmain in 1880 and William started O'Toole Brothers, Tobacconists and Hairdressers sometime between 1880 and 1884. The shop was situated at 273 Darling Street, between MacDonald and Mort Street. It is now occupied by Blooms the Chemist.

Blooms the Chemist, Darling Street, Balmain, originally O'Toole Bros. Tobacconists and Hairdressers. Photo from personal collection of Megan Hitchens.
On 14 April 1884, William came to open the shop and found that it had been burgled1. Goods to the value of £3 were taken. I don't know if they were recovered.

On a happier note, 1884 was also the year that William married. He had met a young woman named Emily Butler. She lived in Cove-street, Balmain, with her mother, Frances ni Rainy, and stepfather, George Henry. Her brother and William's father, Laurence, were both members of the Naval Brigade (forerunner of the Naval Reserve). Whether William and Emily met through proximity or through the Naval Brigade I don't know, but meet they did.

Emily was the daughter of Lawrence Ormond Butler and Frances Rainy, and the granddaughter of Irish exile, Lawrence Ormond Butler. For an excellent history of the Butler family go to Barbara Butler's series of blogs - http://butlerfamilyhistoryaus1.blogspot.com.au/2012/09/lawrence-butler-jnr-introduction.html . The link will take you to Emily's father's story, but if you work your way around you will also find the posts on her grandfather and his wives and children. Barbara's blog shows us how family genealogy blogs should be done. Outstanding research, impeccable source citations, clear and engaging writing. Seriously, go and have a look.

Just to demonstrate the confusion with the O'Toole families of Sydney, William O'Toole, son of Laurence O'Toole, married Emily Butler in 1884 in Balmain2, while William O'Toole, son of Tobias O'Toole, married Emily Pulbrook in 1884 in Pyrmont3. And to further complicate matters, my William O'Toole's brother, Thomas, married Emily Donohue in Balmain in 1892. So there were three Emily O'Tooles running around (or should that be Emilies O'Toole? Take your pick).

As far as I can tell, William and Emily had only one child – Elsie May O'Toole, born 14 January 1893, above the shop in Darling Street, Balmain4. Until two nights ago I thought there were four children, but I have since applied my brain and realised that three of those four were born to Pyrmont William and Emily ni Pulbrook.

My William's next brother down, Archer, ran the Balmain Leader, a weekly newspaper for the Balmain area. Their younger brother, John, also worked as a journalist for the Leader. In January of 1888 a small piece appeared in the Balmain Leader, ribbing William. There is no way to tell who wrote it, Archer or John, but I am sure it was the work of one of the brothers. It has a joke at William's expense but also reveals something of his character:
Burglaries in Balmain
BY OUR OWN DETECTIVE
During the week, another of a series of petty larcenies which have lately occurred in the borough has been reported to the local police. A worthy citizen whose good wife is all anxiety for her spouse's cleanliness and comfort industriously soused a pair of William's pantaloons and placing them conspicuously beneath Sol's drying influence felt satisfied of having achieved a master-piece of tidiness in the way of spotless breeches for her good man's acceptance on the following morning. But the Fates willed otherwise. During the night, it is supposed the gang of predatory individuals who invest our sea-girt suburb swooped down on the quiet home of Wm. O---- and marched off with his nether garments. But this writer would point out that a fierce gale passed over the village on that night – and it chanced to be----
----Their washing day
And all the things were drying;
The storm went roaring thro' the lines,
And set them all a flying;
Until both shirts and petticoats
Went riding off like witches;
Bill lost – and now is left to mourn -
His well washed working breeches.
And instead of being stolen as supposed, were he about he might have seen them:-
----Straddling thro' the air,
Of course too late to win them;
They were his darlings and his pride
His manhood's help to riches,
Mentally he “farewell” cried,
“My breeches.” “Oh my breeches.”
Could he now see them e'en in dreams,
How changed from what he knew them!
The dews have steeped their faded threads,
The winds have whistled thro' them.
He could see wide and ghastly rents
Where demon claws had torn them;
With large holes in their amplest part,
As if an imp had worn them.
The Sydney Morning Herald reported on a spate of thefts in the Balmain area leading up to the loss of the trousers. People had had shoes, trousers, pipes and shirts stolen, so William was not so unreasonable in his assumption. Clearly, however, his brothers thought he had taken things a little too far.

Then, on 16 July 1888, William and Emily's house was broken into and some of Emily' jewellery stolen. From the description of the items in the Police Gazette, William and Emily were doing quite well. The items stolen were “Lady's gold hunting keyless watch; hair guard, mounted with gold; pair gold ear-rings; pair gold ear-rings, set with a sapphire and four or five white stones; gold ear-ring, oval shape; gold ear-ring, set with a diamond”5. Again I don't know if anything was recovered.

But the thieves weren't finished with Mr. O'Toole. On 3 February 1891, Robert Johnson, a hairdresser employed by William, arrived to open the shop for the day. He found that the shop had been burgled and that a rear window had been forced. A tobacconist and hairdresser from Woolloomooloo, John Latimer, was later seen hanging around6. Stolen were “a case and a half of tobacco, 19 boxes of cigars, 10 boxes of cigarettes, 10 razors, 8 meerschaum pipes, 3 dozen meerschaum cigarette-holders, 3 block pipes, a box of tobacco, and 3s in copper money, the whole being valued at about £51”7. In other terms that 1700 cigars, 5200 cigarettes and a bit over 48kg of tobacco.

A meerschaum cigarette holder in case, image from Wikipedia Commons. Meerschaum is a soft mineral which hardens when warmed. It has long been a prized material for pipes.
Two days later William accompanied Detectives Roach and Goulder to John Latimer's shop, where William positively identified his tobacco (he had put his name on the bottom of the blocks) and other items. Latimer claimed first that William couldn't identify tobacco (the name was pointed out), then that he had bought everything from some reputable dealers, then that he had been sold it all by a couple of men he had met “in the stir”. Lastly, he took the search warrant from Detective Roach, tore it up and threw the pieces away (Roach collected them)8. Latimer was arrested and charged with “burglariously breaking and entering...and stealing”. The case went on for several weeks with a number of adjournments, with William required to give evidence. On 12 March, Latimer was found guilty of receiving and on 20 March 1891 he was sentenced to three years hard labour at Darlinghurst Goal9.

It was stated in a number of the newspaper reports on the burglary that William O'Toole did not live on his shop premises. However, by the time his daughter was born in January of 1893, he and Emily were living there. Clearly William had felt the need to safeguard the place.

The shop was called O'Toole Brothers and while William seems to have been the main proprietor his brothers had a financial interest in the business and some of them worked there. John certainly did work there are one point, and Benjamin was employed as a hairdresser. Thomas had had an interest until his finances went awry. I don't know about Archer, Laurence and James, although I suspect so. Another thing to add to a long list of records to check at NSW State Archives.

On 6 October 1894 William placed an advertisement in the Sydney Morning Herald for a hairdresser “at once, good hand, no other need apply”10. His young brother, Benjamin, was in the late stages of a terminal illness (he died less than a month later). It seems William had finally accepted that Benjamin could not come back and so was looking for a replacement.

Then there was another notice in the paper:
TO HAIRDRESSERS, TOBACCONISTS, and PARTIES on the LOOK-OUT for a FIRST-CLASS BUSINESS.
THE CHANCE OF A LIFETIME.
THIS DAY, THURSDAY, October 10, at 11 o'clock. UNDER INSTRUCTIONS FROM W. O'TOOLE, HAIRDRESSER and TOBACCONIST, THE STRAND, DARLING-STREET, BALMAIN. CLEARANCE SALE by PUBLIC AUCTION, ON THE ABOVE DATE.
The whole of the very extensive Stock of a TOBACCONIST and HAIRDRESSER, consisting of SHOP AND COUNTER FITTINGS, SPLENDID NICKEL-PLATED COUNTER SHOW-CASE, large Stock of PIPES, TOBACCO, and CIGARETTES, BARBER'S CHAIRS, MIRRORS, &c., &c.
JAMES COWAN (266 Pitt-street) has been favoured with instructions to conduct the above highly important sale.
The Auctioneer specially invites purchasers to attend this important sale, as this is a splendid opportunity to secure one of the best businesses in this rising suburb.
The present proprietor has been established 15 years, and is only giving up business owing to ill-health.
The whole of the STOCK and FIXTURES will be offered in one line, and if not disposed of will then be sold in lots to suit buyers.
TERMS, CASH, NO RESERVE
Sydney Morning Herald, 10 October 1895, page 3
Initially I thought this meant that William was physically ill and therefore could not continue to work. However, earlier this year I started searching the Police Gazettes for entries regarding William's burglaries and discovered the real nature of his illness.

Sometime around the time of the Auction, William was admitted to Callan Park Mental Hospital. State Records has the admission records and medical casebooks, so yet another thing to look for (I swear, I am going to need a week in that place). Until then I don't know why he was in there. Suddenly his stress over the loss of his trousers doesn't seem quite so amusing, although in defense of his brothers I have grown up with a family member with mental health issues and as a sibling you take your laughs where you can get them.

William's sale of the business and his admission to the Hospital must have been a big change for Emily and Elsie. They seem to have been quite comfortable up to that point. Hopefully they got enough from the sale to see them through the times ahead. But worse was to come.
In the 9 December 1896 edition of the Police Gazette, on page 43111 appeared the small notice:

The Police Gazette, 9 December 1896, p431, collection of State Records Authority of New South Wales

At the time of the inquest the matter was widely reported in the newspapers in Sydney and beyond. William remained in Callan Park, pending trial until 1917. On 28 March the Gazette reported that the matter had finally been settled12, although probably to the satisfaction of few:

The Police Gazette, 28 March 1917 p143, collection of State Records Authority of New South Wales

William O'Toole died in Pattamatta Mental Hospital in June of 1919. He is buried in Rookwood Cemetery, section 4 of the Anglican area, grave no. 4375, next to his mother. There is no surviving headstone. Emily survived another 10 years, dying on 5 October, 1929. She is buried in Section 10 of the Anglican area of Rookwood,  in grave no. 3039. Again there is no surviving headstone. The woman in the Anglican office in Rookwood told me that where Emily was buried was considered to be a poor part of the cemetery, although not destitute. I don't know why they weren't buried together.

There is nothing I can say of this couple's end that won't sound trite, so I will comment no further.

1 State Records Authority of New South Wales, "Police Gazettes 1854-1930," database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 11 Jul 2013), William O'Toole burglary 1884; citing State Records Authority of New South Wales; Police Gazettes 1862-1930; Roll: 3138; Year: 1884; Page: 166.
2 New South Wales Government, "BDM Index," database(http://www.bdm.nsw.gov.au : accessed 10 Oct 2012), etnry for marriage of William O'Toole and Emily Butler in 1884. (NSW BDM Marriage Certificate 2095/1884)
3NSW BDM Marriage Certificate 1676/1884
4 "Births, Deaths and Marriages," The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 6 Feb 1893, p. 8, col. 5; digital images, Trove (trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 27 Aug 2012), Digitised newspapars and more.
5 State Records Authority of New South Wales, "Police Gazettes 1854-1930," database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 11 Jul 2013), William O'Toole theft 1888; citing State Records Authority of New South Wales; Police Gazettes 1862-1930; Roll: 3139; Year: 1888; Page: 256.
6 "Charge of Breaking and Entering," The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 14 Feb 1891, p. 13, col. 4; digital images, Trove - Digitised newspapers and more (http://trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 20 Oct 2013).
7 "Burglary at Balmain," The Evening News (New South Wales), 6 Feb 1891, p. 2, col. 2; digital images, Trove (trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 27 Aug 2012), Digitised newspapars and more.
8 "Alleged Breaking and Entering," The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 13 Feb 1891, p. 3, col. 5; digital images, Trove (http://trove.nla.gove.au : accessed 5 Nov 2012), Digitised newspapers and more
9 "Yesterday's Brevities," The Evening News (New South Wales), 21 March 1891, p. 6, col. 1; digital images, Trove (trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 20 Oct 2013), Digitised newspapars and more.
10 “Professions, Trades, &c.” The Sydney Morning Herald (New South Wales), 6 Oct 1894, p.16, col. 6; digital images, Trove (trove.nla.gov.au : accessed 28 Aug 2012), Digitised newspapars and more.
11 State Records Authority of New South Wales, "Police Gazettes 1854-1930," database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 11 Jul 2013), William O'Toole, Murder, 9 Dec 1896 p431
12 State Records Authority of New South Wales, "Police Gazettes 1854-1930," database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 11 Jul 2013), William O'Toole, Murder, 28 Mar 1917 p143.